Planning to drive in Poland? Whether you’re road-tripping through historic cities or exploring the peaceful countryside, there are a few things you’ll want to know before hitting the road. I’ve spent countless hours driving all across Poland—from the narrow streets of Kraków to the winding roads of the Tatra Mountains—and I’ve picked up plenty of tips and insights along the way. Let’s dive in!
What Side of the Road Do You Drive on in Poland?
Like most of Europe, Poland drives on the right-hand side of the road. If you’re used to driving on the left, it might take a bit of adjustment. But don’t worry, you’ll get the hang of it quickly. Just remember: the driver is always closer to the center of the road.
Polish roads can be a mix of highways, rural paths, and cobblestone streets in the cities, so keep that in mind as you navigate. When merging onto a highway or entering roundabouts, it’s easy to forget which lane you’re supposed to be in—especially if you’re used to driving on the left. Take a deep breath, slow down, and focus on sticking to the right.

Speed Limits and Traffic Rules in Poland
Understanding speed limits and key traffic rules is essential for a smooth journey.
Speed Limits in Poland
Poland’s speed limits vary depending on where you are. Here’s a quick breakdown:
- Urban areas (cities and towns): 50 km/h (31 mph) during the day, 60 km/h (37 mph) at night.
- Rural roads: 90 km/h (56 mph).
- Dual carriageways and expressways: 100–120 km/h (62–75 mph).
- Motorways (highways): 140 km/h (87 mph)—one of the highest in Europe!
These limits are well-marked, but it’s crucial to watch out for speed cameras. Poland has an extensive network of cameras, particularly on motorways and busy roads, so be sure to stick to the limits. Fines can be hefty, and enforcement is strict—better safe than sorry!
Roundabouts and Right of Way
Polish drivers generally follow the rule of right of way at intersections and roundabouts. But here’s the catch: while the priority is usually for those already on the roundabout, you may find local drivers navigating them with a certain… boldness. Don’t be surprised if someone rushes through without yielding. It’s just one of those quirks to keep an eye on. A friendly tip: slow down as you approach roundabouts and always check both directions before entering.

Safety Regulations: Seatbelts, Headlights, and Phones
Seatbelt and Child Safety
Seatbelt laws in Poland are non-negotiable. Everyone in the vehicle—front and back—must wear a seatbelt. This is heavily enforced, and fines are issued for non-compliance.
For families traveling with young ones: children under 150 cm (4’11”) must use a child seat appropriate for their height and weight. It’s a strict law that’s commonly enforced at police checkpoints, so make sure you’re prepared if you’re traveling with kids.
Headlights: Always On!
One thing that surprises many drivers is that headlights must be on 24/7, even during the day. Whether you’re cruising through a bright summer afternoon or a misty morning, low-beam headlights are required at all times. This might feel strange at first, but it’s a law designed to increase visibility on the roads. Get into the habit of turning them on as soon as you start the engine—just so you don’t forget.
Using Phones While Driving
If you need to make a call, it’s hands-free or nothing. Using a mobile phone without a hands-free setup is illegal while driving in Poland. If you’re caught holding your phone, you’ll face a fine. So, get that Bluetooth connection going or pull over to make that call.

Alcohol Limits and Road Conditions
Drink Driving Laws in Poland
Poland has strict alcohol limits for drivers, much stricter than in some other countries. The blood alcohol limit is 0.02%—which means just one drink could put you over the limit. Polish police frequently conduct roadside checks, especially during holidays, and penalties for drink driving are severe. My advice? Don’t take any risks—if you plan on driving, skip the alcohol entirely.
Road Conditions and Winter Driving
The road conditions in Poland are generally good, especially on major routes like the A1 and A4 motorways. However, in more rural areas, expect narrow, winding roads and sometimes uneven surfaces. If you’re driving in winter—especially in the mountains—it’s crucial to prepare for snow and ice. Polish law requires winter tires (marked M+S or snowflake symbol) between November 1st and March 31st in snowy regions, though it’s a good idea to have them fitted wherever you’re driving during winter.

Toll Roads, Fuel, and Required Documents
Toll Roads in Poland
Poland has a growing network of toll roads, particularly the main motorways like the A2 (between Warsaw and Germany) and the A4 (from Kraków to Wrocław). The tolls aren’t excessive, but they can add up over long distances. You can pay by cash or card at toll booths—though I’ve found card payments to be more convenient since they accept all major brands.
Fuel Stations
Fuel availability is excellent in Poland, with petrol stations (often labeled as “Stacja Paliw”) every few kilometers on major roads. Most stations offer unleaded (95 and 98), diesel, and LPG. Prices are reasonable compared to Western Europe, and it’s easy to pay with card or cash. A quick tip: if you’re traveling through rural areas, fill up when you can, as stations can be farther apart.
Documents You Need to Drive
Before you hit the road, make sure you have the following documents on hand:
- A valid driving license (an EU license is fine; non-EU drivers may need an International Driving Permit).
- Your vehicle registration and insurance papers (green card insurance is required if you’re driving a foreign vehicle).
- Passport or ID (for foreign nationals).
Police in Poland may stop you for random checks, so having these documents ready will save you time and hassle.
Emergency Numbers and Roadside Assistance
In case of an emergency, dial 112, which is the EU-wide emergency number, or 997 to contact the police directly. For roadside assistance, Poland has several services, but the Polish Automobile and Touring Club (PZM) is the largest. Most major insurance policies include breakdown cover, so check your policy before you go.
Final Thoughts on Driving in Poland
Driving in Poland is an adventure—with charming towns, vast landscapes, and dynamic cities waiting to be explored. The key is to be prepared: respect the speed limits, keep your headlights on, and be aware of local driving quirks (like those sometimes-bold roundabout maneuvers!). And don’t forget to fill up in rural areas!
My top tip? Take your time and enjoy the ride! Poland’s roads lead to some truly spectacular destinations—so roll down the windows, soak up the scenery, and embrace the journey. Safe travels!
Frequently Asked Questions About Driving in Poland
Do I need an International Driving Permit (IDP) to drive in Poland?
If you hold a driving license from an EU or EEA country, you do not need an International Driving Permit (IDP). However, if you’re from outside the EU (e.g., the US, Canada, or Australia), it’s a good idea to carry an IDP along with your local license. While many rental companies might not ask for it, the police might during roadside checks.
Are roads in Poland well-maintained?
Major roads and highways in Poland are generally well-maintained and in good condition. However, rural roads can sometimes be narrow and less well-kept, with occasional potholes or uneven surfaces. Winter weather can also affect road quality in more remote areas, so be cautious when driving in those conditions.
What are the drink-driving laws in Poland?
Poland has very strict drink-driving laws, with a blood alcohol limit of just 0.02%—this is lower than in many countries. It means even one drink can push you over the limit, so it’s safest not to drink at all if you plan on driving.
Is driving in Poland safe for tourists?
Yes, driving in Poland is generally safe, but it can be a bit challenging for first-timers due to some fast-paced drivers and roundabout navigation quirks. By following the rules, sticking to speed limits, and being cautious in urban areas, you should have no problems.
What side of the road do they drive on in Poland?
In Poland, as in most of mainland Europe, you drive on the right-hand side of the road. Keep this in mind when navigating roundabouts or merging onto highways.