Driving in Spain: Tips for Visitors

If you’re planning to drive in Spain, you’re in for a treat. Spain’s roads connect stunning coastal landscapes, charming villages, and vibrant cities, offering an unforgettable driving experience. But driving here has its own set of rules and customs, which can differ from what you might be used to. From road conditions to roundabouts and speed limits, here’s everything you need to know to drive safely and confidently in Spain.

Rules of the Road in Spain

Traffic Side and General Road Etiquette

In Spain, cars drive on the right-hand side of the road, and overtaking is done on the left. This is standard in most European countries, but if you’re coming from the UK or other left-driving countries, it may take a bit of getting used to. Pay attention when merging into traffic, and always follow road signs.

Tips:

• Roundabouts are common in Spain, and traffic already in the roundabout has the right of way. Be sure to yield when entering.
• Use your indicator when changing lanes or exiting roundabouts—it’s mandatory!

Speed Limits

Speed limits in Spain vary depending on the type of road:

• Urban areas: 50 km/h (31 mph)
• Rural roads: 90 km/h (56 mph)
• Highways (autovías and autopistas): 120 km/h (75 mph)

Keep an eye out for speed limit signs, as they are strictly enforced. Spain has numerous speed cameras, especially on highways, and fines for speeding can be hefty.

Tip: Speeding fines are based on how much you exceed the limit, and non-residents may need to pay on the spot if caught by the police.

Traffic Lights and Signs

Spanish traffic lights follow the universal red, yellow, and green patterns. However, a blinking yellow light means “proceed with caution,” often seen at pedestrian crossings.

Common road signs include:

• Stop: marked with “STOP” in English.
• Yield: an inverted triangle with the word “Ceda el Paso.”
• No Entry: a red circle with a white horizontal bar.

Tip: Look out for “Zona Peatonal” signs—these indicate pedestrian-only areas where driving is not allowed.

Right of Way

In general, vehicles on the right have the right of way unless otherwise indicated. However, at intersections with no signs, the priority goes to cars on the right, a common rule across Europe. Always be cautious, though—locals can sometimes be less patient in cities, so defensive driving is key.

Safety Regulations: Seatbelts, Child Seats, and Phone Use

Seatbelt Use

Seatbelts are mandatory for all passengers in Spain, both in the front and back seats. Police enforce this rule rigorously, and fines apply if anyone is caught without a seatbelt on.

Child Safety

If you’re traveling with children, specific rules apply:

• Children under 135 cm (4 ft 5 in) in height must use a child restraint system suitable for their size.
• The child seat must be installed in the back seat unless the vehicle has no back seats, in which case the front seat can be used (but the airbag must be deactivated).

Mobile Phone Use

Using a mobile phone while driving is illegal unless you use a hands-free system. Even holding your phone at a red light or stop sign can lead to a fine. Bluetooth systems are common in most rental cars, so set this up before driving to avoid distractions.

Tip: GPS devices are allowed, but make sure they are securely mounted to avoid fines.

Alcohol Limits and Road Conditions

Alcohol Limits

Spain has strict laws regarding alcohol consumption and driving. The legal blood alcohol limit is:

• 0.05% for most drivers
• 0.03% for drivers with less than two years of experience or professional drivers

Driving after drinking is taken very seriously, with roadside checks common, especially on weekends and holidays.

Tip: If in doubt, don’t drive after drinking at all. Public transport and taxis are good alternatives, especially in cities like Madrid and Barcelona.

Road Conditions

Spain’s highways and main roads are generally in excellent condition. The autopistas (toll highways) and autovías (free motorways) are smooth and well-maintained, making long-distance travel a breeze. Rural roads, especially in mountainous areas, can be narrower and more challenging, with sharp curves and fewer guardrails.

Tips for mountain driving:

• Be cautious on hairpin turns and yield to uphill traffic.
• Use low gears on steep descents to avoid overheating your brakes.

Practical Information: Tolls, Fuel, and Required Documents

Toll Roads (Autopistas)

Some highways in Spain, called autopistas, require tolls. These roads are marked with the letters “AP” (e.g., AP-7). Tolls can be paid in cash or by credit card, and in some areas, electronic toll devices (called Telepeaje) can be rented with your car.

Tip: Toll roads are typically faster and less congested, but if you’re not in a hurry, scenic free roads (autovías) are a great alternative.

Fuel Availability

Fuel stations are plentiful in Spain, even in rural areas. Most stations offer unleaded gasoline (gasolina sin plomo) and diesel (gasóleo). In cities and along highways, many are open 24/7, but in smaller towns, they may close at night or during siesta hours (roughly 2-5 p.m.).

Documents Required

When driving in Spain, make sure you have the following:

• A valid driver’s license. If you’re from outside the EU, an International Driving Permit (IDP) may be required.
• Proof of car insurance.
• Passport or ID for identification.
• Vehicle registration documents if you’re driving your own car.

Police often conduct roadside checks, especially in tourist-heavy areas, so having all your documents ready is crucial.

Emergency Numbers and Final Tips

In case of an emergency, the general emergency number in Spain is 112, which works for police, fire, and medical emergencies.

Final Tips:

• Plan your route in advance, especially if you’re unfamiliar with Spain’s roadways.
• Be prepared for varying road conditions in different regions, from smooth highways to narrow rural paths.
• Familiarize yourself with local traffic laws and signs before hitting the road.
• Stay alert, especially in city traffic, where motorbikes and scooters often weave between cars.

Driving in Spain offers incredible freedom and the opportunity to explore off-the-beaten-path destinations at your own pace. With these tips, you’ll be prepared for a safe and enjoyable journey.

FAQ: Driving in Spain